![]() ![]() (Photo credit: Harris & Ewing, AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives, W. The first part of his theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible. Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition. You can read the obituary that appeared in Physics Today. Daltons atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties. ![]() Millikan died in 1953 in San Marino, California. In 1921 Millikan moved to Caltech, where, as director of the Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics and chairman of Caltech’s executive council, he worked to promote science education and to help establish Caltech as a world-class research institution. Over his professional career, Millikan made numerous scientific discoveries in the fields of electricity, optics, and molecular physics. In 1916 Millikan experimentally confirmed Albert Einstein‘s equation describing the photoelectric effect. The upgraded experiment allowed Millikan and Fletcher to both measure the elementary electronic charge and confirm that electric charge is carried by individual particles. In 1886 he entered Oberlin College in Ohio. When Millikan was seven, his family moved to Maquoketa, Iowa, where he attended high school. In late 1909, now working with physicist Harvey Fletcher, Millikan swapped out the water for oil, which didn’t evaporate as quickly. Born in Morrison, Illinois, Robert Andrew Millikan was the second son of the Reverend Silas Franklin Millikan and Mary Jane Andrews. ![]() However, the positively charged part of an atom was not yet well understood. He conducted his famous oil drop experiment in 1913 while working at the University of Chicago. He electrified two horizontal metal plates and observed the motion of individual water droplets that were suspended between the plates. Scientists had now established that the atom was not indivisible as Dalton had believed, and due to the work of Thomson, Millikan, and others, the charge and mass of the negative, subatomic particlesthe electronswere known. Robert Millikan was born in Morrison, Illinois in 1868. In 1908, drawing inspiration from an experiment carried out in Britain, Millikan began trying to measure the electron’s charge. Millikan first distinguished himself as a teacher and textbook author, producing a number of elementary physics texts that would become classics. After receiving his PhD in 1895 from Columbia University, Millikan spent a year studying abroad in Germany before returning to the US to take up a teaching position at the University of Chicago. Born on 22 March 1868 in Morrison, Illinois, physicist Robert Millikan is best known for his measurement of the electric charge of the electron, for which he was awarded the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physics. ![]()
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